Driving and speed-regulating mechanism for phonographs.



S. MALANE, DRIVING AND SPEED HEGULANNG MECHANISM FR PHON NiMH-i5.

S'. R. MAcLANE.' y DRIVING AND SPEED REGULAIING MECHANIVSM FDR PHDNDRVAPHS.

nrucmon man sm. 2. 191s.

yPimm Apr. 3,1917.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

' 'UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE' STANLEY E.V MncLAN, OF BOSTON, MASSACH `D'SLE'ZIJIS.

DRIVING ANI! SPEDjBEGULATING- MECHANISM F03. PHONOGRAPHS.,

To all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, STANLEY R. MACLANE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Boston, inthe county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Iniprovcnient in Drivin and Speedy-Regulatlng Mechanisms for honographs, of which the -following description, in 4connection with the accompanying d rawin s, is a speci-- fication, like characters, on t e drawings representing like parts.

This invention relates to phonogrnphs, and among other objects aims Vto provide means 'for rotat the disk record table in a manner enabli g economy of the disk material and; an improved reprodilctien effect. y A

Heretofore, so 'far as I am a'vvare, it has i 4been customary to rotate the disk record for the `fo record" ml .or l'by the stylus and the setting' up of forsupporting table of the commercial phono-` graph at a substantially uniform rate of s eed throughout the playing of the record'. hen -the stylus is traveling adjacent the peri hery of the record, it must track along1 cire es '-.which are much longer/than the circles near the ce'nter of the record, but the timeoceupied in makingvthe complete ro tation for each circle is the same. (lense` quently,the relative speed between. the rec ordV and the stylus for the large eircles'ris muchgreater than for the small circles. To

obtain :the most perfect reproduction eecn.

the relative speed between the record 'and the stylus should be substantially the same throughout the playing of the record.

. `A com aratively low speed is. desirable lllowln'g reasons,-

, (1)"It reduces the wear on the stylus and 2) it reliuees the scratching of the receign vibrations;

V(3) It .reduces the forcc'tending to .'press the stylus outward on thereeord trackn'nd" tending to prevent perfect reproduction; and

,(4) allovi's suiieient time to enable the' stylus to faithfully follow not only over 'extreme points, but also over the intermediate portions of the un lulntions in' the record path, land thereby enables the most perfect reproduction of high pitched 'orV soprano voices f high frequencyo'f vibration. Olivi jousily, if the record is rotating too-rapidly Specification of Letters-Patent.

`reproduction Cami ot be obtained.

record throughout the area than hitherto las been words, a greater' when the l former` is trackin properly Patented Apr. 3, 1917.-

Applieation filed September 2, 191i. Serial N 0.1 `8f B7.

the Stylus will bfy obligedto jump from point to point with out tracking through the valleys. E

There is, however, a limit to the low speed of the recorc. If too 1oW,-the proper `t is.

therefore, desirableto drive the disk at a sim-:fl as near as po `ssible tof this lowest limit.

ln playing the records'hitherto used, the i relative speed betif'een the stylus and recorcl has been as nea r us possible to the min-imum speed limit referred to, only while the stylus is tracking over the short circles iinr the center "of the record. When the stylus is tracking o rer the large circles near the periphery of the record, .the relative speed is much greater than is proper 4for the best reproduction eil'ect. y y

By my inventlor means' is provided for varying the speed 'of rotation of. therecord to compensate for the differences 'in speed,

due to the. tracking of thestylus o'vercircles of varying radii. y `ln other words, meansiis provided' for produ :ing a substantially uniform relative speed between the stylus and playing of the reeord. This enables the maintenance of the desirable low speed throughoutthe playing of the record.

This also enables a great economy in record material. There the stylus is obliged to track over long' mil short circlesin the same time, it consu Ines agi-eater lengtnoi record infollowing the large ,circles than would be ne ssury if the relativespidnben tweenthestyl sjnnlrecord were con-stanti Byl` my invention 4 to make a 4record tu a `much smaller dislt can .be recorded pei inch of material than i hitherto has been paisible) 'Also by maintaining a substantially uniform relative speed between the stylus and record the longest compositions can be made on and reproduced from one recordi Heretofore` this has been limpossible 4since the relative speed betiween the stylus and the periphery ofthe disk, 'yvon to. reproduc e, the composition.,

`I mn, therefore', enabled' In other4 length 4of .composition record i y circles naar. d be too high` l The charaeteryo the` invention .may be bestunderstood byi'eference to the'follmv--. 'ing description of,v :in illustrative embodiment thereof shown 4 in the accompanying drawings, wherein,-V

Figure 1 is a vertical section thro h an illustrative ghonograph shown herein as embodying t e invention;

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section taken on hne 2-2 of Fig. 1, a corner of the phonograih appearing in plan to show a controlllng ev.1ce;

Fig. A3 .is a horizontal section taken on line 3-.3 of Fig. 1, also showing the controlling device in lan;

Fig. 4 is a detall of a brake member to be referred to; i

Fig. 5 on an enlarged scale is a side elevation of transmission elements shown' in Fi 2- Fig is a horizontal section taken on line 6-6 of Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is a detail trolllng device; n

Fig. 8 is a7vertical section taken on line Fig. 9- is a horizontal section taken directly beneath the dial plate of the controller shown in Figs. 7 and 8;

Fig. 10 vis a horizontal section taken on line 10-10 of Fig. 8; l

Fig. 11 is a'dia am showing the inoperative positionsof t e second accelerated recplan view of the con y0rd transmission unit and the constant speed `record transmission unit while the first accelerated. record transmission unit "s in operation; A

Fig. 12 is a plan view of a motor .and electrical connections controlled by a transmitting unit; and

Fig. 13 is a sectional detail to be referred to.

Referring to the drawings, the illustrative 4 municating with the amplifier 'is a` short tube 5 (Fig. 1) projecting upward from the top of the casing and formed to. receive a l sound conducting tube 7 on the outer free end of which is a sound box 9 connected to a stylus bar 11 carrying a stylus 13.

Above the top of the casing is a table .15 :for receiving a disk record 17. The table is mounted on the upper end of a shaft 19 projecting downward into the1 casing and having its lower end journaled in a bearing 21 on a frame 23 secured to the boftom of the casing. rThe'shaft also is journaled in an upper plate 25-and a lower plate 27 held in spaced relation b v bolts 29 entered through sleeves 31. To confine the shaft 19 against movement in the direction of the axis thereof, collars 33'are secured thereto and adapted t'o bear against the plates 25 and 27.

Next will be described -the mechanism for rotating the table shaft 19. To accomplish this, there may be provided the usual spring A gear 43 fast on the motor shaft, through an intermediate pinion 45, drives a' pinion 47 fast on a shaft 49 journaled in bearings in brackets 51 and 53 rising from the motor bed-plate 39. The shaft 49 may be extended beyond 'its bearing 51 and have a gear 54 fast thereon meshing with a pinion 54'L on a shaft 55 journaled in bearings in brackets mounted on the bottom of the casing. The shaft 55. may have the usual governor 55l mounted thereon. A bevel pinion 57 (Fig. 1) is mounted fast on the governor driving shaft 49 and is adapted to drive a bevel pinion 59 fast on-an upwardly extending stud shaft 61 journaled in bearings in the bracket 53. On the upper endofthe stud shaft is a gear 63 meshing with a gear 65 fast on a vertical shaft 67 parallel to the table vshaft 19 referred to, and having its lower end journaled' in a bearing 69 on' the frame 23 referred to. TheA shaft 67 extends upward through and is journaled in the lower plate- 27 and the upper end thereof is journaled in a bearing in a boss 71 depending from the plate 25. The'spring motor, governorand. pinions described, will serve to drive the shaft 67 at a uniform speed.

Next. will be described the transmission from the motor driven shaft tothe tab-le shaft. To accomplish this,V a pinion .73 (Figs. 1 and 2) is mounted fast on the motor driven shaft 67, and a pinion 75 is mounted fast on the table shaft 19 in the sa-lne'horizontal plane with -the pinion 73. To transmitthe drive :from the pinion 73 to the pins ion 75, a gear 77 is journaled on a stud shaft 79 having a reduced end (Fig. 5) 'tapped into a boss 81 on one' end of a rocking' lever or carrier 83 having a hub 85 journaled on a stud bolt 47 tapped into the plate 25. A i' gear 89 similar to the gear 77 is journaled on a stud shaft 91 tapped in a boss 93 at the opposite end of 'the rocking lever 83. When vthe rocking lever 83 is in its position shown in full lines in Fig. 2. the large gears 77 and 89 are in mesh with the pinions 78 and 75 respectively.

Next will be described the transmission ,between the gears 77 and 89. IA spool 95is ournaled onthe stud shaft 91 and secured t'o.' the gear 89. A spool 97 is journaledv on the' stud shaft 79 and secured to the gear 77. A

transmission tape 98 of copper or other fieXible non-extensible material has one end anchored to the spool 95 and its opposite end anchored to the spool 97. Each end 'of the tape may be conveniently anchored by cuti'. 45 the-wound tape@ of thesppol. -The en'd of the tape is bent over to present an anchor enlargement 103.

.To conn ctl'the tape to the spool, the, edge of 4an end trailing edge passes beyond the ange of the Q spi'l:` Then the tape is bentha'rply over the body of the spool at the end ofthe keyholesllot and anchoringthe same thereto.

Thetape is led from. one si diagionallypast.tl1e ocking lever tothe 0R. p1 ted d t i dashed 't m com e an ,1 s@ 1r -o co menge posite side of the other 'spool. `vAsga resu i when one of thespools is rotated in one d1- rection, it will draw on the transmission tapel und rotate the other spoolin an opposite di# irectien, in thesamc sense asacrossed belt' will producen reversa-l of rotation between pulle s.'

25. s hown in full linesv in- Fig. 2,'the motor driven shaft( turning at a constant speed,

lwill` mete-the pinion 7e, sind pinion in turn drivingthe large gear 7 7 and spool 9 7 The j lttr-wil1 Wind they transmisin here 98 thereon-and thereby` unwind 'said tajpe from the spool 95. Thisgwill rotate the. ter in anjjopposite 4direction Laifid lwith itthe gear :shaft 19, and 'thereby rotatingI the `table 'wShait-" Asthe driving continues,' thev eifec'tiye transmission radius of the Vvs'olirid tap'eJojn the .spoolh971 will gradually in.creas e, there- 'hy" roducin an acceleration in the', rotation 40 o ft e recor table. Onench completerotation of the" spool y97, theeiective' tr'ansi'nis` sion radius will increaseby an amountequal to the 4thicknessofthe transmission tapey drivin @P00197 is graduallyfincreasing, sion radius of the-YY OulldftP- 011th@ driven spooly is g gradually v dec'refusing On leach' completerotation of the-,driven spool 95", its

Missionen@ s -fThedecrea l in theleiective transmission radius ofythe, wound tape om the l d ryen 55 speel 'produces agfadun increase inthe eelmot'or-driven' shaft '67" to "the" table Shaft 19 is designed according to the" size of record Lto be driven. For example, Vifatvqelve inch record is to be used, the transmission is calv culated to produce an acceleration in theV ro# -sstation of the table throughout the transit of ortion thereof is presented-to `the `communicating: kerf and liey-ho1e skit,I and, the tape is slid laterallytherein until its7 A Y circle, with 'the :resultl ivrapped about the body'of the' spool las shown in Fig. 6., thereby securely de of ne speel v ing ythe', gears 77 i nd ,89.t61'erchange places, the` gear 89 then l `lacorniligthe d"xi-iv,nig-5 4"gear, y and the gear 77 becoming .theidriven gear'. W ien the rocking freine .is in thepositin will be rotated ojipositelyy to theirfpreyious eifective transmission radiufsdeoreases byian' amolintj -equal to the thiclrnessy ofV the 'transthe stylus from the'- outermost'circleto the innermost circle on thefrepord', and thereby compensates for the reduction in relative travel betweentho stylus'and record which wouldoccur if tlie `table rotated at a 70 uniform rate of speed stylus and record is maintain substantially uniform throughout the trac' off. he

stylus from the outermost -tothe mnerin st "1m rovement 1n y the, reproduction efec, thev iminetio'n ofV scratchin the ok jectionable outward .pres

sure of t e stylus on the recolid tifa/ck, and

the economy of record instelia referred im se When `the playing @fija miem-(1 has playing a second record'4 the 'rocking lever 83'is shifted fron4 itsfulline' toits dotted line positionsh'ovi n` in l I*`ig'. i2, thereby'caus- 85 Thus by nnext'remelyjs'imple adjustment-the Ynecessitylz'or rst rewindingthel tape'back 9 9 other record, is elimin ted.f

when the vrock-:ngl lever! filas as descrbed,lthe I 67 throughitspinion 73, wi1i2-rotate'the-geer 895 95 The t' ble shaft will be' ,driven inthe same direction lfas befoi e, lbut the-gears 77 'and 89 dlrections. .Tretard the u nwinding of the tape from :out of thetape coils th eeon, there'Lmay :egp'rovided diaonallyopp'o'sitearms,105 SFig-.El 110 fulcro e onfpinrIO'Iseeuredto a: ate 109 vintermediate the;4 upper lower :plates 25 and 257 referred 1o and lijeld in position the sleeves 31 am l bolts 2 9; and "diagonally pp osi `time 111 runterladen-:pins 1 13 securedt'o saidplateflOiln :l" The armsfare pressed a'gainstfthe tape wound n "the sp iols. by 'hel-na-l-` springs 115.

ofsai'd' arms by s iid-ispringsfniay beiflimited 120 by stop pins- 1.17 secured to"the plate 109. These stops` 'wlll servire to` `,lififevent 4engagemet of one pa haftet diagonally .opposite -pairof'd-iagonally arms active engagement with thetape.' The'niswill also assist inholilingtliespool rs 7 7'and 89 in meswithjthepinins '7 and 75 in their diierenfl;vr pc sition's of'iadjustment.' The fetalding force produoedby the en- 1-ao mission' in their bearm v is gradually agement of'said arms with said tape, the riction of the rotating parts of the transand the drag of the stylus on the recor combine to resist the pull on the transmisslon tape. The motordriven shaft lis rotated with a substantiall `constant force, .but the workon said sha t increases during the course oi the playin of a record owing to tle acceleration o the table shaft., For example, at'the commencement ofthe playing of a record, if thespool 97 is empty and the spool 95`is filled, the pinion 73 will rotate said -spool 97 with a mechanical advantage which graduall decreases as the ta e builds up its cffectlve transmission vra ius on said Spool, and the tape will draw on the spool 95 with a mechanical advantage, gradually decreasing as the effective transmission radius of the' tape accumulated thereon decreases. Both of these factors combine to graduali increase the work on the motor-driyen sha t as the table shaft is progressively acceler ated.

The helical spring 11'51L which draws the arms 105 and 111 into engagement with the tape on the unwinding spools, greater strength than the spring 1.15 and serve advantageously to compensate for this increase in the work. As the tape on a spool unwinds, the active arm` moves' gradually inward toward the axis ofthe spool and therefore the tension ofthe helical spring 'lessened and the brake action of the -arm on the spool is gradually reduced, thereby desirably reducing the work on the motor-driven 'shaft referred to proportionately" to the increase of lthe work on said shaft due to .the acceleration. v

Next will be described means for automatically stopping the rotation of the table when the playing of the record thereon has been completed. To accomplish this, there is provided' a brake bar 119 (Figs.4 2, 4, 5, and on af resilient brake shoe members -125 f o'r enf gagementwith flanges ofthe spools and re-.

-silie'ntbrake ,applying members 127 for en gagement' -yvith spools;

the tape wound on the The .operation of the brake stopping means -is as` follows:

VIt may be supposed, for example, thlta'pe" Wise direction ,-(I

` the tape an may be of ulcrumed centrally between its-ends l. pin 121-carried by ears 123 'projecting' from the hub 85 (it-the rocking lever' 83.` The ends of this bar-lare 'forked to present.

ig.v G) v and thereby press the brake shoe 125 against a'lange of the spool 97, and thereby automatically arrestfurther rotation of the spools and tape.

Whenthe rocking frame is shifted from its 'full line to its dotted line position to play the next record, the drive willV automaticall. commence promptly on the throwing ofl t e gears `77 vand 89 into mesh with thepinions and 73 Without the brake. being effective to prevent the starting of the drive, Thiais due to the fact that thc tape is nowl being woundl on the spool 97 and unwolnd from the spool 95. The driving force apflied to the spool 97 drags on tends to pull the same away from ,the brake actuating member 127, thereby automaticallyreleasing vthe brake shoe 125 from the sp'ool 97. lVhea sufficient tape material has accumulated on the 'winding spool 97,l it will engage the actuating arm 127 an'd'apply the brake -125 to thc flange of the, unwin'ding spr-E in a manner similarto that described.

An important feature of the invention relates to means for indicatif. the two positions of the carrier for the )ools and tape. To accomplish this, there is. provided a fol-` lower`129 (Fig.`2) pivoicd intermediate its ends on'a pin 131 secured to thegupper'plal-te.

25 referred to.' This 'follower has one end 133V for engagement with `thetape' on the spool'97, and an oppositie end 135 for ,en-`

gagement with the tape on the spool 95.

vs hort arm 137 projecting Vfrom the follower,i

is connected by a rod 139 with one armoa" bell crank- 141 fulcrumed ona 'pin-.143 se with an arm 147 of an ,index leverv pivoted loosely on a crankA shaft l149 (Figs` 2 and 8), the upper yend of which is journaled in a dlal plate 151 having a iange' 153 set in an aperture in 'thetop of the-phonograph case and. provided withan arm 153*1 (Fig. 1) secured. to' the upper plate 25."referred to, v The lo'w'erend of'fs'aid shaft is'journalcd in abearingiii an extension .155 (Fig.l l

on the bottom plate 2 7 referred to.

The dial plate-151 has a pair of-.holes ,115.'

1 57 and159 (Fig. 2.) therein. The arm 147 o fvthe index lever isoifset `slightly from an arm 14.7? of said lever. arm-'147 has a button 161 for registration with the 110151.57,l and the arm 147 'hasa button 163 for registration with the hole 159.

The registration of the buttons with-the' holes indicates the directions the rocking spoolA carrier should be shiftedto'play the next record; To rock said carrier, itisvco-nnected by a Alinl; 1-65 4with a. lever 167 'ulfjl crumed intermediate .its ends` one. lpin-'169 fast on the plate 25,-fsaid lever ,being connectedby a link 171 wtlra crank 173 (Fig. 8) on the shaft 149 referred to.A A pointer armf175 is mounted "fast on the -upper-'end',130l

^ The end-of the 50 .i and characterl of the acceleration',lmpal'ted .from the motor-driven constantspeed shaft with the pinlons for the second unit, and

' with a crank 218 referred to.

with a thi-rd T., indicate the adjusiment .of 'the crank shaft to'l bring the gear carrier 203 in osi` tion to produce the constant rotation o the' record, vthe dial plate 151 may be provided air of holes 21,9 (Figs, 2 and 3). When t e pointer arm directed to either ofthe holes 219, the gea carrier 203 will'he'shifted to render its ars active for transmitting a constant spee i ofrotation to the table.

To facilitate the understanding of the proper adjustment ofl the' pointer arm for zoo A' readily determined from .inch record is in active 'With the #pointer arm with the white button and blue button holes and in registration .with a re'd button, the"` transmission for the-constant speed is in p'o-u shaft'lf The relative di'ineters driving thetable for the diiierel'it'sized accelerate'd speed records or the constant speed records? the -followin arrangement ma be adopte The twelve inch record may llieve a. .central zone colored blue, 'and' the index lever for the twelve inch record may have its buttons 161 and 163 Vcolored blue.' The nlne inchfre'cord may have a central zone `colored white, and the index lever for the nine 'inch record may have its buttons 185 and -187 colored white. The holes 2119 lfor the constant speed may be plugged with buttons colored red. If a; blue button isvisible at the dial plateu'nder the pointer arm, itgindicates the transmission "nit for vthe blue center,.twelve inch record .is in active position for pla ing. If a White but'- ton is visible'at the dial plate, it shows the a White center, nine position for playing.

transmission unit :for-

sitionf for playing.'

. .The designv of the transmission units` for different sized accelerated records may be considerations which will'be apparent from the'above description `including the diameters of theinner and outermost groove' circles 'of the record and constant speed 4 of the motor-driven i of the gears, the diameters of the lspools and and leii of the transmission tape are-, of course; actors in determining the amount to the accelerated table shaft.

j ls.

diameter,

In making records in accordance witlithe positionfforexamplm whether 't e record 'should be The construction and proportions ot .the transmission-spools and tape`may be -designed with `respect to definite large and small circles of the record .marking the out'v of .registrationthe thickness hen the'carrier for the first unit @is-shifted nine inches or twelve. inches in boundaries of the area cbvered by the record groove.

Compositions of varying length may be recorded within this area, but the 'governor must be set to rotate more rapidly in recording a short composition than in re- 1 -If a record-larger thanv one" having'a. -re

cording area bounded by the dimension referred to is to be used, a spool and tape mechanism of f different dimensions is emplayed; 1

'The rotation of an accelerated'record does not need necessarily to begin after the transmission tapehas been .completely unwound from either of the spools, but it may begin somewhat before it is completely unwound, since 'a'sli ht change' in the'position of the stylus wit res tape on the spoq siwill not produce a chan e from normal reproduction sufficient to ge detected by the human ear. The' crank shaft and its connections with the carriers o f the first, second-and constant speed units, may be relied 'uponjto determine thev dierentj positions of adjustment o'f the' carriers and to hold the 'latterin said positions. When 'the carriers for any ofthe units are shifted to "bring their gears into mesh with the motor-'driven shaftl and table shaft-I'iinions, the, crank for such carrier will be in dead-center position so that the turn# ing of said. crank in either direction will drawthe carrier gears away fromgsaid pinions. For example, in Fig.-11 the carrier gears 77 and 89 or the first unit are shown v1n meshw-ith the pinions 73 and 75` and the ect to the windingof the,

wiseor a contraclockwise direction, itfiwill `4and said carrier to rock the ""'e gears thereof away from, the pinions.

dito' its position `shown in Fig [1 1 with its 'gears meshing with thev pinions, the gears `for the second carrier will be out offm'esh` the gears of the' carrierl for theconstant speed unit will be out of mesh with the said unit. Y Similarly, whjV second unit` is irgdead .center carrier of said unit will be shi edt'o bring tions.

its 'gears into engagement with-the pinions4 thereof, and the carriersv for the first and' constant speed units will be in inactive posif operate through the` connectionsbetween--it latter and move motor-driven shaft anditable shaft gears of the crank '195v fur' the' osition, the

Similarly, when the shaft 218 for the con- 130 stant speed unit is on dead center its gears will be throwninto active position and the gears for the carriers of the first and second units will be in inactive positions.

The cranks for the several units are disosed on their shaft in appropriate anguar relation to maintain t e relative pos1- (tions of the carriers as above described.

The tempo may be varied by the usual speed controlling device coperating with the governor and therefore need not be shown herein. The relative speed between the stylus and record, however, will remain substantially constant throughout the playing of a record after its desired' tempo is determined.

-5 To prevent the interruption of the playing of an accelerated record, the crank shaft' 149 may be provided withra disk- 221 (Fig. 8) fast thereon, :having a flange containing diametrically opposed holes 223. A rod 225 1s enteredthrough an aperture in a. lip 227 depending from the dial plate flange 153 and connected to the handle of the usual turn table brake 229 (Fig. 3). When the crank shaft is turned with the pointer arm -1n registration with either of the red buttons, one or another of the' holes 223 will be in registration with therod 225, therebyr permitting the rod to pass therethrough and the brake 229 tobe applied as desired.

When, however, the crank shaft is turned to 231 (Figs. 1 and playing of a record.

bring the pointer arm in lregistration with either Athe blue or the vwhite buttons, the solid portion of the flange of the -disk 221 will be presented against the rod 225 and will prevent the application of the brake 229 to the record table and the arrest 4of the latf ter thereby.

To hold the crank shaft. in its different positions of adjustment, a hexagonal Wheel 10) may be mountedfast thereon having iiat faces heilig adapted to be enga-ged by a springpressed plunger 233 mounted in a sleeve 235 on a plate 237 scoured to o nc'of the walls of the phonograph casing. Y

.In sonne eases it may be desirable to drive the mechanism by means of an electric,mo tor. To accomplish thisthere maybe provided an electric motor 239 (Fig. 12) which (would be substituted .for the spring motor B5 aud thc governor described, and would be provided with usual governing means which need not be shown herein. l,

Means may be provided for automatically stopl'iiug themotorron the completion of the To accon'lplish ,tiiis, the roller contacts 241 may be provided on. the. ends of biudinglr 'lz-oste 245 and 2457 projectingthrough a carrier. 249"u`|daptcd Vto more somewhat in a slot `in one bfi-"fthe spring-pressed arms 1405 engaging fthe"tape coils on the spmglwit a carrier. The contact 24:1 maybe connected 'a record the contacts spring-pressed arms the circuit to and 243 (Fig. 13)

by a wire a with a battery B connected in turn by a wire b with the electric motor 239, the latter being'connected by a wire c with a wire d conr. ected to the contact 243.

On the cori. mencement of the playing of 241 and 243. will. engage the metal tape wound on the filled spool and said tape willserve as a bridge contact for co mecting the contacts241 and 243, thereby motor. i

In the course of the playing of the record,v the tape will te wound from the filled spooll to the other spool and finally the contacts will pass from the end of the tape onto a bare part of the spool. Preferably the spool is formed of insulation material so thatl promptly on the passage of said contacts from the tape to the bare spool, the circuit completing the circuit to ,th-e

to the motor will be broken and it will be arrested.

The contact carrier 249 may readily move slightly relativ bly to the arm 105 and insure the engagement of the contacts with the ta ne' and the' bare spool. Obviously 'when the arm has moved into engagement with the spool, its point )f contact therewith is nearer the free end of the arm than when'the latter engages the tape Wound thereon.

The electrical connections described will serve to control ther-stopping of. the motorwhen the carrier is inone of its positions. To arrest the motor when the carrier is shifted to its other 111 maybe equipped with a contact carrier and wheel 251 and V253 `similar' to thosedescribed for the arm 105. 'lhe contact 251- may be con# nected by a wir i. e with thc wire a `referred torand the contact 253 may be connected by a wire f with the wire d .referred to. As a result, when the carrier is shifted to bring the'tape into en gagementwith the contacts position, one of .the-` contacts 251,'and 253,l tho motor will bestartecl4 and` will continue tc run until the tape is um wound from the spool and the bare's'pool ani` gagessaid contacts. Then the circuit will be automatically broken tothe motor and the latter will be arrested.

Obviously,` the shifting of the carrier `serves not only ;o bring its gear into mesh with the motor-c riven shaft and table ,shai'tV 'A pinions, but also automatically to complete the motor to start the same( 'l`he"yautomat1c motor stopping means for 1s the same and therefore jaV description `of the stopping means foroneaivill suilice for V both.

This automatic ,motor` stopping means desirahly cooperates withthe brakes. .described for arresting the rotation of the spools since the power may be cut off from the motor and thereby substantially'relieve the. work of brakes in arresti] Ig the spools. Obviously,

iso

12o both the lil-stand second translnlsslon unitsV 'on the shiftin the brakes can much more readily overcome the kinetic energy of the moving parts after the power of the motor has been cut olf.

To complete the' circuit to start the motor of the cwrrier of the constant sp'eed unit into effective position, the latter may be provided with a switch arm 255 (Fig. 12) adapted to bridge fixed `contacts 257 and 259 adjacent thereto, the former being connected by a wire g with the Wire d referred to, and t with the wire a referred to. When the carrier is shifted to one of its active positions, the switch arm 255 will connect the contacts 257 and 259 and thereby complete the circuit to the motor. To complete the circuit to the motor when the carrier is shifted to its op- 'posite effective position there may be provided fixed contaots 261 and 263, the former bein connected by a. wire m with the wire a. re erred to, and the latter being connected by the wire n with the wire d referred to.

hen the switch 255 engages these contacts the circuit will be completed to the motor.

The threev transmission units may be ca-rried by and so connected with the upper and lower plates 25 and the intermediate plate 109 bound together by the bolts 29 and spacing sleeves 3l referred to, that all of said units'may be readily bodily removed from the casing l for purposes of repair or ireplacement of -parts thereof.

Having described one illustrative embodimentV of the invention without limiting the same thereto, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a phonograph, thc combination with a record support, of means to rotate said support including a pair of rotors, a fiexible transmission member connecting the latter, means to operate' said rotors to draw said member alternatel in opposite directions to and from said ro ors, and means to drive said support from the latter while said member is being drawn in either of said directions.

2. In a phonograph, the combination with; a record support, of means to rotate said support including a pair of rotors,a flexible transmission member connecting the latter, means to operate said rotors to draw said memberto and from the same, and means to drive sa'id support from either of said rotors, .3. In a phonograph, the combination with a record support, of means to rotate said support inclu ing a pair of rotors, a flexible transmission member connecting the latter, and meanst'o operate said rotorto draw said member to and from the-same, said rotors having provision permitting them to be alternately driven by said transmission member to impart rotation to said support. In a phonograph the combination with a support for a disk record, of mechanisms to positively drive said support with pre-I from said motor to sai e latter by wire i.

vgressively varying speed, and means providing for the playing of successive records without interruption from said mechanisms. 5. In a phonograph, the combination with a record support, of means to rotate said support inc uding a pair of rotors, and a member connecting the latter having provision for transmittin rotative movement suppoi't when wound on or unwound from either of said rotors.

6. In a phonograph, the combination with a record support, of means to rotate Said support including a pair of rotors, a flexible transmission member connecting and means coiipeiating with said rotors for rotating said support in the same direction While said rrotors alternately rotate in opposite directions.

7. In a phonograph, the combinationwith4 a record support, of means to rotate said support including a pair of rotors, a flexible transmission member connecting the latter, and means to rotate said support while deriving said rotors alternately in opposite directions to wind said member on and un'wind the same from said rotors.

8. In a phonograph, the combination with a record support, o means to rotate said support to produce a substantially constant relative speed between a stylus and a record on said support, comprising a pair of rotors, a flexible transmission member connecting the latter, and means coperating with said rotors and member to drive said Support while said member is being wound on -or unwound from either of said rotors.

9. .In a phonograph, the combination with a record support, -of means to rotate said supportl with a progressively increasing angular acceleration including a pair of rotors, and a fiexible transmission member connecting the latter havingprovision for transmitting rotation to said support while winding on or unwindng from either of said rotors.

the latter,

10. l'ii a phonograph, the y:combination l with a record support, of means to rotate said support including a pair of rotors, a transmission member connecting the latter,

gears for said rotors, driving and driven -gears adjacent said rotors, and means 'bodily to shift said 'rotors to cause their gears 'to mesh witheii'her said driving or driven i with a record support, of means to rotate said support comprising a pair of rotors, a transmission member connecting the latter, and means including a rotative carrier for said rotors shiftab-le to render the latter alternately effective as driving and driven elements-i.V Y

.13. In a phonograph, ,the combination with apair of rotors, of'a flexible transmission member connecting said rotors, means for driving one of said rotors. and a record support driven by the other rotor.

14. In a phonograph.' the combination with a Isupport for a disk record, of mechanism. to positively rotate said support with a gradually increasing angular acceleration and having means providing for playing successive records without interruption from .said mechanism.

I 15. In a phonograph, the combination with av record support, of means to rotate said support including a pair of rotors, a

.flexible transmission men'ibcr connecting the latter, and means to engage said member and prevent the coilstherwf from opening out on said rotors.

'lo'. ln a, pi'ionograph, the combination with a. record support, of means for rotating,

.said support including a pair ot rotors and a Hexible transmission member connecting said .ro'tms, and means resliousive to the accumu- .said support including a pair of rotors, a

flexible tram-:mission member connecting the latter,- a carrier for said rotors slnftable to bring the I attcr in diiierciit positions for said suppo winding and unwinding said member, and means to prcrent'rotation o1' said rotors duri'ngthe shifting ot said carrier.

1,9. In a phonograph, the combination with a i'rcoid support, oi means to rotate including a pair ot' rotors and ,-.rflcxiblctl 'nsmission member connecting the latter, andI means automatically to arrest said rotors before said member is c :omplctely iinwouml from either-of thcni.

20. In a phonograph, the `combination -wilh a record support, of means to rotate said support including a driving rotor dr'ivrn at a yfixed speed; a v{lcxibhl tape winding on. itseli on said driving rotor; an un'-I winding rotor` from which said flexible tape is unwound from a coil built up ou itself; and a-` driving connection Vbetween .the unwinding,r roto and the record Support, wherewith either of saiddriving and drlven gea S.

rotorshgcars tor said motors, a carrier for by a gradually increasing angillar acceleration is imparted' to said record support.

21. In a phonograph, thc combination with a record support 15, ot' means to rotate said support ncluding a pair ol" rotors 95, 97 and a transmission men'iber SP8 connecting' he latter, and a brake 11b, 125, 1.27 for automatically arresting said rotors.

22. ln a p|1onograph,'thc combination with a record support 15, of nieansto rotate said support ncliuling a pair ot' rotors 95, 97 and a lleiible transmission member 98 connecting the latter, and brake means com-4 prising a member 127 to engage a portion of the transmission member wound on one of said rotors and a men'iber 125 to engage the other rotor.

23. in a phonograph, the combination with a record support, oi mechanism to impart a gradually acceleratr-al rotation thereto, a manually operable brake i'or said support, and means to prevent operation of said brake while sa id support is thus rotated` 24. In a4 .|1 honograph, the combination with a record support 15, of mechanism to rotate. said support including a controller 175, a manually oi'ierable brake'229 for said support, an clement connected to said b alie, and a nember 221- connected .to said controller to p revent operation of said brake.

Q5. In a phonograph, the combination with a record support 15, of mechanism to vimpart rotation. thereto with a gradually increasing angular acceleration, mechanism to impart roti` tion to saidsupport at aconstant angular speed, a controller 175 for said mechanisms, i, brake 229 for'said support,

.and means 221, Q23, 225 to prevent application o'l` said bra-ke during operation of said first-namd mechanism and permit application of said brake during operation of said second-.mined mechanism. 26. In a pl'ifmograph, the combination o a record support with a driving and a driven shaft, a car ier, rotative elements mounted tl'iereon, flexi ile, transn'iission means connecting said (laments. gears for the latter, gears on said shafts, and means for shifting said carrier to cause said rotative element to mesh with either of said shaft gears. 27. lua .phinograpln the combination of a. record support with driving means therefojil incll'ulin'g a iulcrurned carrier, rotors mounted thereon, a {icxible member connecting. said rotors, 2:,'ca rs for said rotors mount- 120 ed on said ca 1 -ier, `and driving and'driven gears, said ca rier boing adjustabley to Shi-'ft sair'l rotor-gea -s into and out of engagement 2H. ln a phinograph, thc combinatie 1Q a record support with means for rotatili said support ncliiding driving and `driven shafts. gcarsthereon, a pairL of rotors` a flcxihietransnission member connectingsaid said gears and rotors shiftable to cause said rotor gea rs to mesh with either of said'shaft gears, and means for holding said carrier in its different positions of adjustment.

29.- ln' a phonograph, the combination of a record support with means for rotating said support including driving and driven sl'iafts, gears thereon, a pair of rotors, a flexible transmission member connecting said rotors, gears for said rotors, a carrier for said gears and rotors shiftable to cause said rotor gears to mesh with either of said shaft gea-rs, and means for yieldably holding the carrier in its different positions of adjustment.

30. In a phonograpli,'tl1e combination of a record support with means for rotating said support including driving and driven shafts, gearsvthereon, a.- pair of rotors, a flexible transmission member adapted to wind on' said rotors, gears for said rotors, a carrier lfor said `gears and spools shiftable to cause said rotor gears to mesh with either of said shaft gears, arms'for engagement with `portions of said-member wound 'on said rotors, spring means for drawing said arms toward said rotors, and stop means for limiting the movement of said arms.

31. Inv a phonograph, the combination of. a record support with .means for rotating .said support including pair of rotors, a

flexible transmission member connecting said rotors, means for 4alternately rotating said rotors in opposite directions to wind said membertoand from the same, and me ms independent of the length of said mem 'fr for automatically arrcsting'rotation ofthe rotors on the completion of the playing' of the record. l

32. In a phonograph, the combination of a rcord support with means for rotating the' same including a pair of rotative elements, a flexible transmission memberfcm nesting said elements, means independent of the lengt-h of said member for rotating said elements,4 and`meansfor antoma-ticall 4 resting the rotation of said elements on he' oornplctir-m of the playing ofthe record.

3B. In a phonograpl'i, the cornl=iination iaf a rig-:cordA support with means for rotating Index means co and :rhrake applying member for engage` ment with thc transmission member wound on the other rotor.

35. ln a phonograph, the combination of a. record ysupport with means for rotating said support including a pair of rotors, a transmission tape connecting said rotors, and meansfor automatically arresting rotation of said rotors including brake applying members cooperating with the tape Wound on the rotors, and brake shoe members for engagement with said rotors.

36. ln a phonograph, the combination of a record support with means for rotating said support including a carrier, rotors mounted thereon, "It"transmission4 member connecting said rotors, and a brake bar mounted on said carrier having a brake shoe member for engagement with one of the rotors and a brake ap'plyingmember for engagement with the member wound on the other rotor.

37. In a phonograph, the combination of a record support with means for rotating said support including a carrier, rotors mounted thereon, flexible transmission means connecting said rotors, and -means for automatically arresting said rotors, including a brake member pivotally Amounted on said carrier having provision for automatically setting the same on the accumulation of a predetermined amountof said transmission means on a rotor. l

38. In a. phonogra.ph, the combination of a record support with means for rotating said support including a carrier, rotative.

a recordsupport with means for rotating Said support .including a carrier, rotative elements mounted thereon, atransmission tape connecting said elements, means for shifting said carrier to reverse the direction ofY rotation o'fsaid ehunents, a dial, and

indicating the positions of said carrier. 40. In a phonograph, the combination of, a record., support with means for rotating.' said support including reversible mea-ns', a carrier for the latter adjustable to different positions, a dial, and index means coperating with said dial for indicating the'positions of said carrier.

4l. In a phonograph, the combination of a record support with means folrotating said support including means for progresslvely varying the speed of' rotationof s'aid' support while the record is beingplayed, a

dial, and index means copcrating therewith perating with said dial forv playin pointer arm fast on said shaft for shifting said carrier, a wheel on said shaft'having flat edges, and a spring-pressed' plunger for engagement with said edges to tend to hold said shaft in different positions of adjustment. y p l 5 6. In a phonograph, the combination of a recordsupport with means for rotating said support including driving and driven shafts, rotors, a flexible transmissionniember connecting and adapted to be Wound on said rotors, and a spring-'pressed element adaptedv to member Wound on one of the rotors and having' provision for reducing the pressure thereon as said member is unwound from such rotor. v

57. In a phonograph, the combination of a record support With driving means for rotating said support, braking means for sai driving means, and means for autolmatically applying said braking means and means forl automatically,

gradually releasing said braking means in of the record. 58|." n a phdfiograph, the combination of va. record support with means for rotating' said support includingan electric motor, va

a flexible transmissionv mempair of rotors,

said rotors, a circuit for said ber connecting motor, and means controlledY bysaid member for automatically breaking saidcircuit on the completion of theplaying of; aL record;

59. In a: phonograph,`thecombination of arecord support withmeans for rotating said support including an electric motor-,

a 'circuit therefor, apair of rotors, a flexible transmission member connecting said rotors, and an arm adapted to bear on said-member, said circuit .including contact means' carrie/d by said arm for engagement with said member to complete the circuit and for engagement with one of said rotors to break the circuit.

i 60. In a a recordsnpport With means for rotating said support including an electric'motor, a

4pair of rotors, a conductor transmission member connecting said rotors, and a circuit for said motor including contact means for engagement with said conductor member to complete the circuit to said motor and for engagement with the rotor to break the cir- 'cuit to said motor.` l Y phonograph, the combination of a 61. "In a record support with means for rotating said support including a pair of rotors, 'a flexible transmission member connecting said rotors, a carrier for saidrotors having provision for yshifting the `sameto play successive recods, an electric motor, and a circuit therefor including contact mea-ns controlled b said member'and rotors in the di'erent positions of adiiistment of said carrier for automatically breaking the circuit to saidv motor v for imparting a -variable press on the portion of saidl the course of the.

phonograph, the combination of pair of rotors, a flexible member i with a to arrest the saine on the completion the 'playin of'a record.

`62. n a phonograph, the combination of a record support Withmeans for rotating said support including a transmission unit speed to said support, a ,transmission unit for imparting a constant speed to said support, an electric motor for driving said support, and a circuit to said motor including means coperating with said units for. controlling. said motor.

63. In a phonograph, the combination with a support for a disk record, of means to positively drive said support With a progressiiely varying speed.

witha support for a disk record, of means n a phonograph, the combination to positively drive said support with an inacceleration. 65. ii a phonograph, the combination with a support for a disk record, of mechanism to positively drive said support with a gradually increasing angularA acceleration.

66. In a phonograph, the combination with a support for a disk record, of a stylus -creasin support movable radially of the record, 'and mechanism to positively drive said record support having means for compensating for relative speed variation between a stylus and record during said radial movement of vthe former.

67. In a phonogra h, the combination with a support for a disk record, of a stylus sup ort for permitting movement of a radially of the record as. the stylus travels from convolution to'convolution of the record track, and mechanism for positively-rotating said record support at a progressively varying speed to compensate for relative' speed variation between said stylus and rec-Y convolution'T ord as the former t ave s fro to convolution of said track.

68,. In a phonograph, the coniLination with a record support, positively to rotate szlig, a pair of rotors vand a exible member connectin them. f

69. n a phonograph, the combination with a record support, of driving means positively to rotate the Asame including a pair of rotors, a flexible member connecting them, and means to drive said rotors alternately in-opposite directions.

0 In a phonograph," the combination with a record support, of driving means positively to rotate the same support incliidin them, a carrier for shift said carrier of rotation of said rotors, 4

71.l In a phonograph, the combination record support, of driving means positively to rotate the same including a pair ofrotors, a flexible member'connecting said rotors, and means to them, a carrier for said rotors, and means including 'a p connecting and change the direction of driving means p to adjust said carrier to change `the direction of rotation of said rotors, and means to indicate the adjustments of said carrier. 72. In a phonograph, the combina/tlon with .a record support, of driving means positively to rotate the same including avpair of rotors, a flexible member connecting them, a carrier for said rotors, and means to adjust said carrier to change the direction Vof rotation of said rotors, means to indicate the adjustments of said, carrier, and means au tomatically to arrest said rotors on completion of sound reproduction from ya record.

phonograph, the combination "with a record support off'meansto rotate said support; a driving rotor and driven rotor;

l* a flexible tape winding on itself on one of salidrotors and unwinding on the other'of Vsaid rotors froma coil'built up on itself; and a driving connection between one of' said rotors and the record support, whereby agradually increasing angular acceleration is imparted to said record. support.

74. In a phonograph, the combinationwith a record support of means to rotate said support; a driving rotor driven at fixed speed; a exible transmission member windingon itself on said driving'rotor, an unwinding rotor from which said exible transmission member is unwound from a coil built up on itselfand a driving' connection between the unwinding rotor andthe record supv port, whereby a gradually `increasing angullarfacceleration is imparted to said record su port. u

5. In a phonograph, the combination with driving and driven shafts of transmission means connecting them including gears on said shafts, a carrier, rotative elements on said carrier, a flexible member connecting said elements, gears for said elements, pinions `on said carrier meshing with the gear of one of said elements, andmeans to adjust said carrler'to shift said pnnons into and' out of engagement with the gears on said driving and driven shafts. Y

76. In a phonograph, the combination with driving and driven shafts of gears thereon` and transmission means connecting said gears including a carrier, rotative elements mounted thereon, a flexible member connectingl said elen'ients, gez'lrs for said elements, pinions meshing with the gear for one Aof said elements, and means to meve said carrier to shift the gear for one oi' said elements :Ind the pinions for the gear of the other element into and out of engagement with the on said driving and driven shaft. v 77. In a` phonograph, the combination with driving and driven shafts of a carrier, rotative elements mounted thereon, a flexible member adapted to be Wound to and from jacent said elements to limit'outward move-- ment of the coils of said member.

78. In a pho iograph, the combination witlr driving and driven shaftsY of transmission means therefo:` including a carrier, rotative elements mourted thereon, a member adapted to be wound to and from said elements, means to shift said carrier to change'the direction of rotation of said elements, and means to engage said elements and prevent y-J'otation there( f while said carrier is shifted. 79, In, a phonograph, the combination with driving and riven shafts of transmission means therefor including a carrier, spools thereon, a'e::ible member adapted to' be wound to and` from said spools,\and means actuated by the accumulated coils of said member on one of said spools to engage and `arrestboth of said spools.

80. In a phonograph, the combination with means actuator. by the accumulated coils of materials on eisher of saidspools for engaging and arresting both of said s ools.

A 8l. In a phor ogi'aph, the combination with driving and driven shafts of transmission means therefor including a carrier, spools mounted therein, a. flexible member adapted to be wound to,y and from said spools, and means to engag eboth of said spools to arrest the same and lold said member taut.

82. In a phon ograph, the combination with a- Inotor driven shaft of a table, a shaft therefor, and'ti ansmission means connecting said shafts including a carrier, rotative elements thereo n, a fiexible member adapted to be Wound to and from said elements, an index, and a follower directl7 connected thereto andoporated by engagement thereof with coils of tape wound on said rotative elements. i

83. In a phonograph, the combination with a motor driver shaft of a table, a shaft 

